In a report on the state of Scotland's infrastructure, The Institution of Civil Engineers has discovered significant under-investment in key areas.
Transport, waste, energy and flood risk management were all given a lowly "C" grading in the ICE鈥檚 State of the Nation report, indicating "requires attention".
Only the water sector was given a "B" grade, indicating "adequate for now".
No sector of Scotland's infrastructure聽was found to be fit for the future.
"The last thing we want to see is our infrastructure being stifled by lack of investment and it's clear from our State of the Nation report that this is what is required across all sectors", said ICE Scotland chairman Ken Laing.
"If you look at energy, electricity demand will rise by more than 80% over the next 20 years and yet more than 80% of electricity is supplied by five ageing power stations with very limited life spans.
"We are making good progress with a number of new road schemes but the condition of our existing roads is continuing to deteriorate.
"The Scottish government needs greater borrowing powers to maintain and create a high quality infrastructure if we are not to be hamstrung in our attempts to achieve economic progress.
"When faced with investment choices, government has to recognise that without the foundation of good infrastructure, Scotland's economic development is at risk".
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