But the challenges were quite different during the paving of a cart and service path at Tuscany鈥檚 first world-class golf course.
The path for the 18-hole championship course needed to blend perfectly with the Tuscan countryside. This led the course developer to specify a surface course that included native aggregate. It was combined with a resin that made the path look as if it was simply cut out of the hills.
鈥淲e had to achieve a natural, environmentally pleasing look,鈥� said Claudio Sanchi, operator of the paver. 鈥淭he result is a pale ocher, which resembles the clay earth that has formed great gashes in the countryside.鈥�
There is another environmental element to the Tuscan countryside: hills.
鈥淚t was a job that required going up and down many hills during the paving process,鈥� Sanchi said.
Project Description
Designed by world-renowned golfer and British Open winner Tom Weiskopf, Drago Golf Club rests within one of Italy鈥檚 largest contiguous estates, the Castiglion del Bosco. It is located 97km (60 miles) south of Florence, and 201km (125 miles) north of Rome, in the province of Siena. The vast estate spans nearly 10km (6 miles), comprising nearly 1,821 hectares (4,500 acres) of protected nature preserve.
The golf club is the vision of Massimo Ferragamo and Fred Green. It covers an area of 10,000m虏 (11,960 yd虏). A provincial dirt road separates it from a handful of original landowners鈥� villas perched atop hills.
SIES, an Italian contractor headquartered in Siena, was chosen to handle the work at the prestigious course. Specifically, SIES handled paving the golf cart path that winds through the hilly course. The path covers a length of 10km (6 miles) at a width of 2.4m (7鈥� 10鈥�).
SIES was responsible for building the sub-base as well as placing the surface lift of gravel and resin mix.
Time was an issue, as the path had to be completed before other course improvements could be made. SIES started the job with another manufacturer鈥檚 machine, but it wasn鈥檛 productive enough to hit the deadlines. The company turned to the Cat庐 AP300 asphalt paver and quickly got back on schedule.
On the Job
The rolling hills of the region are one of the most beautiful features of the new course. Those same hills also were challenges when laying the sub-base and surface materials. 鈥淭he machine can climb hills very easily,鈥� Sanchi said.
Work began with a Cat excavator digging a trench at a depth of 20cm (7.8鈥�). The paver actually placed the sub-base, which included aggregate of 30mm (1.2鈥�) or smaller. The depth of the stabilised lift was 20cm (7.8鈥�). A small dump truck delivered the materials to the paver, which placed it as it would a normal asphalt surface. It was compacted by a Bitelli roller.
The AP300 then made a second pass, placing a 3cm (1.2鈥�) lift on the sub-base. The surface material included a mix of small native stone and a transparent resin that provided the look of a natural color and grain, but with long-term durability.
鈥淭he machine can place any type of material without problems: asphalt, cement, gravel, sand, polymers,鈥� said Sanchi.
The plant providing the materials was about 35km (22 miles) away. A large truck delivered the materials to the jobsite. The surface materials than were loaded to a mini-dump, which transported them directly to the paver.
鈥淭he haul truck delivered the materials to different locations so the mini-dump would only have to travel a maximum of 500m (1,640鈥�),鈥� Sanchi said.
Material segregation wasn鈥檛 a concern because of the independent augers on the machine, Sanchi said. There were no specifications for density, given the use of the path. Still, the mat had to be compacted. 鈥淭he sub-base and surface were built to handle some fairly heavy weights,鈥� he said. 鈥淭he path can be traveled on by vehicles exceeding 9tonnes (10 US short tons) without a problem.鈥�
The compaction process started with the Cat AS3173 Screed. 鈥淭he screed lays material to the desired width and depth while providing a smooth finish with initial compaction,鈥� Sanchi said. A Bitelli mini-roller, in vibratory mode, completed the compaction process with two or three passes, depending on the conditions.
Production was good, with the paver placing the surface course at a pace of better than 1km (0.6 miles) per day.
鈥淚t was a great job,鈥� Sanchi said. 鈥淚t鈥檚 a beautiful, prestigious course that we鈥檙e honoured to be part of. We鈥檙e also thrilled to do our part to contribute to the course: to create a path that fits so naturally into its surroundings. 鈥淭he hills and curves were a challenge, but nothing that couldn鈥檛 be overcome.鈥�
(SIDEBAR) Surviving the steep and narrow
The winding path was one of the big challenges that had to be overcome while paving at the Drago Golf Club. Steep hills were another.
鈥淭he gradient varied from about 5 percent to as much as 30 percent,鈥� said Claudio Sanchi, operator of the paver.
What makes the AP300 a good fit for the winding, hilly work? Sanchi offered these observations.
鈥� Optimum power-to-weight ratio for hill work.
鈥� A powerful 52kW (71hp) engine.
鈥� Standard paving width of 1.7m (5鈥�7鈥�) that makes the machine maneuverable and easy to transport.
鈥� Four speeds that ensure high traction.
鈥� A differential gear that can be locked manually to prevent sliding.
鈥� Hydraulic brakes that function properly, even when going downhill with an asphalt-filled hopper.
鈥� A proportional servo-control that provides machine stopping and starting, when necessary, during loading.
鈥� A sliding dashboard that enables better operator control.
鈥� A dual operator鈥檚 station that provides optimum visibility of hoppers, augers, frame edges, as well as a meandering path, during operation.
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